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font-family:方正小标宋简体;mso-hansi-font-family:方正小标宋简体;mso-bidi-font-family:方正小标宋简体">晚文字漫谈——端方
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0pt">（根据讲课内容整理）
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楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">时间：! o" c' V. G/ M w* H
mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">2014. \7 O* H; L! E M g" ]" P
mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">年8月20日
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楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">地点：3 Q8 t2 d1 ~5 o. Lmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">老秘网“文稿修改演播室”（QQ群号：366351120）$ e& k8 I) E W p, D' ?font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">主播：" E* O3 Y- I( ]" }, ~, q
mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">端方
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楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">备注：. o& c% r: e; x, A. f' {- wmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">老秘发言——黑体字，同学发言——楷体字# U; P0 o0 ?8 y* R* h! a& z楷体_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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8 K F: ^1 a w0 n8 zmso-font-kerning:0pt"> + h5 E+ i. M/ Smso-bidi-font-family:方正小标宋简体;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">一、小测试
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0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">老猫:先搞个小测试，公文写作三阶段，你属于哪一阶段？6 i8 ]7 Y' i9 \) @
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">模仿的标准，就是说在写作的时候一定要参考别人的文章，没有样板放在面前就写不下去。
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mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">2.7 u1 s1 T. b4 I$ Xmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">入门的标准，就是写出来的文章基本上能够对付，但缺少创新，难以承担大稿、急稿等类似的重任。
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">创新的标准，不重复别人的老路子，想怎么写就怎么写，怎么写都是好的。/ h/ \% f) J Q$ r4 d& z1 Wmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> * w- g6 I! ?! a' zmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">第一阶段! G( w- `2 G% u
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8 I4 L& v& Y: o- O$ Xmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">第一阶段+ R9 c; C) X1 i' I% ]4 n2 D
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: s h: m- V! q! i) c) Kmso-pagination:widow-orphan">& a* E/ p8 y; P3 Hmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:$ S5 L2 o. A+ i$ s7 K; y
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) ]4 s0 ~* U/ R4 |! \ omso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">第一阶段
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mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我也是第一阶段。0 Y; z1 k4 _$ x% [mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:
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Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">老猫:+ N- c) b+ Z& f& y" }
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不要那么谦虚嘛7 P9 g2 {, T* r1 _mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">！
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/ B. x9 O! m0 z7 H4 }( Fmso-pagination:widow-orphan">+ k2 z# }$ C$ [: V" b0 Z$ h1 Kmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:* V) y3 f! _( g! a2 b
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这点大家倒是很统一。
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0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">北纬30度:/ L* X! Q1 w# V. t- ~mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">基本结构很重要，所谓熟能生巧。第一阶段的任务就是把各种常用文体框架练好。
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mso-pagination:widow-orphan">5 S$ h( ~7 `, M0 H/ E9 A; zfont-family:楷体_GB2312;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;
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mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我每次写稿子，总要先百度，找些类型差不多的稿子，然后借鉴其框架，依葫芦画瓢，填入本单位的内容。5 M+ ^( z% {- ?+ z$ r" V
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我现在遇到急的任务，也是这么做的。借鉴并不丢人，也不代表我们水平就一定停留在第一阶段。关键是借鉴后要积累下来" W. W( g- P/ D1 Q9 \
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。
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0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">老猫:& E/ P8 X' M) g& i; {/ f
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">学习借鉴也分境界，危创新、伪创新、微创新、伟创新。危创新：丛林草莽心态;伪创新：百事可乐的心态;微创新：精益求精的心态;伟创新：开放的心态。& y0 T7 E0 n* U+ B4 p& gmso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;
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mso-bidi-font-family:方正小标宋简体;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">二、对材料框架的讨论
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt"> 9 Q: u( z. y0 P1 |. l! Pmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">下午征集了意见。有学员反映我们讨论下框架问题。大家平时写文章框架都怎么定？+ V0 T: U7 a q
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. v4 w2 M1 N1 j" |) G' F% {) q0pt">叶子:1 G7 V% {& k0 H8 p( j5 tmso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;
3 H+ i. s7 m' f* y3 jmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">最难的是框架。熟能生巧吧。什么类型的文章？- p) D! J2 l. H K1 L+ k( [5 B; i/ H
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B+ h' Q: i5 F0 o" m6 x; L4 hmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">第一，背景介绍、统一思想、提高认识。第二，分析存在问题、难题。第三，提要求。' X2 P5 }) j. q. J& D1 Omso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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mso-char-indent-count:2.0;line-height:28.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
/ \# n @$ L" g3 l: w* F. z7 T+ Dmso-pagination:widow-orphan">- o( |2 n* P# g) o1 h8 t* I
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:
4 v' Q7 k; m: A/ u0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">端方:3 |' p8 P" @3 U7 ]: I8 imso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这是领导讲话稿的框架吧！) q% Q+ @. S# z$ \/ E( c0 ]mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">这个: b; k9 H2 j9 b( R& _1 A. g6 s
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">模板可以用作形势分析会。; ^7 v, x: R, R$ K' L r1 l4 I2 F
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# K) j) a/ `% \# R/ gmso-char-indent-count:2.0;line-height:28.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
* F/ J/ L* j/ K0 g& `mso-pagination:widow-orphan">5 i" f4 i2 S$ Y6 u3 ~; p5 f3 u
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:7 Q* D6 @+ ^3 v8 `) Z6 A
0pt">叶子:! p2 K- ^; u1 S0 Rmso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;
8 q3 h. ^' k2 Z* ]5 Fmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">嗯嗯，看了下领导的讲话稿都长这样。如果形式分析会，我们一般在第一部分会介绍一下基本情况。
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; R3 c# j3 w8 w: H9 L X) T8 M f- [ J0 t' d( emso-char-indent-count:2.0;line-height:28.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;# ~* e& K6 T7 i) c: B' w
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2 ^# X$ E3 d$ t ]5 y2 |mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">不过领导讲话稿的第二部分，就是叶子刚才说的，也不全是分析问题。9 q$ ^* u7 |; y/ r" {+ Q) U1 p2 W* x
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& D ?$ h m7 `/ Y J1 n/ z0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">端方:$ E7 T7 H2 D- ^. r$ }5 o$ B
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">关于形式分析会，推荐大家看一下猫总的老秘杂记17：意在笔先、身临其境; ^7 C5 w, b2 y# y5 z) ?mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:宋体;mso-ascii-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;( e0 z+ T0 Y0 W) T
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) }$ B% o# w& i8 v# T7 C) \$ ?mso-font-kerning:0pt">例谈领导讲话稿写作构思。http://www.caiyes.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=43853# C( a+ y) L# X U b' Omso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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mso-char-indent-count:2.0;line-height:28.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
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! e& @" p/ l+ R6 I$ H- x8 ~6 Vmso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">把各种文种的框架都议议， Z# ?* U- D4 u( B3 K8 |2 K8 h
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">大家以后就心中有数了。& R! t4 C) E. h, F7 n
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mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的，最好细分一下。
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mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">应该可以分几种类型吧？不同的稿子应该有不同的框架。2 I3 b" Q! F9 M! ?0 n# gmso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">框架大致看起来都差不多，( b) O( @ D' hmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">其实具体到同一篇文章中还是有区别的。开会的对象不同，会议的背景不同，召集会议的层级不同，框架也不尽相同。1 E8 I+ Z7 k& ^. n) y, P
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, Q- n3 d. N+ k6 P/ o Q" y0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">思维睿智: u% e+ S, g4 p% \& o
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. |: j. p( X9 y* omso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">能积累些通用框架更好了。然后让大家再去创新。8 i6 m, I- O. N, Bmso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:1 }: Q# U4 a- A
0pt"> 4 R6 p' y$ b/ \8 fmso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;
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8 l9 H3 w, {$ pmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">一般碰到比较多的，就是领导来调研的汇报材料。
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mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">赞成叶子同学，没完没了的汇报材料。9 X1 B- b5 j d# |1 d3 [- g# Nmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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mso-pagination:widow-orphan">$ ]3 }- f8 C- m4 N6 W. |- Smso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:楷体_GB2312;color:black;mso-font-kerning:, N# J3 \. U2 r d$ `0 \
0pt">霞光:; M1 X9 E5 F/ k6 @mso-bidi-font-size:14.0pt;font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;$ e4 K) R8 V% m$ a1 c6 p8 w
mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">框架，是否可以理解为本次汇报或讲话需要交代的几个问题?
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9 `& q g* H! m5 P3 c; Z* Z4 r0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">端方:1 b5 t5 x$ J/ p' D3 r
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">框架不只是几个问题。用几个方面比较恰当一些，2 h2 c7 A0 f8 K+ b9 ]- _mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">汇报还相对好一些。比如上级来调研; c% w# a$ a3 m" \" W: Dmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，$ K [5 H0 W1 i: G U! amso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">我们作为下级单位 K/ m8 \. ~4 E4 z3 |5 m' Lmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">， Z3 |- f7 p9 b5 I0 R, imso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">首先介绍工作完成情况，其次是点问题，再者下步计划。( S4 I$ T' X1 l; E, N, C& ]mso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:
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mso-font-kerning:0pt">如果是第一次来的新领导还要介绍下单位的基本情况。) H! q/ \) \( I4 N; C. g+ omso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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6 B3 w% V% q5 L4 ^; i) mmso-char-indent-count:2.0;line-height:28.0pt;mso-line-height-rule:exactly;
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mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">介绍单位工作和人员的基本情况？9 z) j( u% f6 r5 O
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0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">端方:6 Y7 F0 d# k( S0 E: R: \mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">比如上级单位新来了一位领导# Q+ w0 u& s, l9 B6 p4 i; F. @4 Smso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，+ W( I* a t7 b Emso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">第一次到你单位去调研; _% ?- y5 F% u- N1 r7 f: |
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对你单位基本情况根本不了解$ W+ y9 J- l: Kmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，, C" M) c% Z8 F( I0 _, l
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">一开始上来汇报工作会显得局促或唐突。尤其是省领导到市里，市领导到区里，区领导到街道。这些综合性的单位1 i6 D$ h( U( K( t4 S8 ymso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，7 @' M4 i+ t# Q- i
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">涉及的经济建设、城市化建设、民生事业、社会稳定、基层组织建设等方方面面3 m0 h p3 s' x0 `mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。 t/ ~1 x2 u9 c( h H, M
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">如果不了解基本情况，听工作汇报也可能有许多工作背景摸不透。
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Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就领导第一次来调研和第二次来调研来说，这框架就不一样了8 y) l4 ~$ A9 a4 T1 A/ @# ]2 l
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。8 c6 l# Q5 {) i- [mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">可见框架也不是个死东西，要灵活借鉴。, T3 m& `7 s" ymso-fareast-font-family:仿宋_GB2312;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:( Y" ~( I: G6 K, J& ^7 P
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" f0 g9 }& Q( G( aArial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">在运用网络搜集文稿和借鉴他人的材料时7 ?: a& q! U6 B! X+ ]
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# g b' u+ R: I0 P ?% G0 z! |4 B宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，% h7 Y& d& u8 Y/ b' ~ ^9 Fmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">对于其框架要先结合自己所写材料的内容进行分析后才可运用，要不然容易张冠李戴，对自己水平的提升也帮助不大，对于寻找借鉴的文稿，建议首先是从单位历年的材料中找，其次找上级单位下发的材料参照，再次才是借鉴网络上的内容。 Q9 C1 X! a! c/ A" U% `
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mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">就是，比如一些视察活动，总是先听情况汇报再座谈。1 l% S4 w+ F, x3 Q% S' |; F8 V* k2 S: \
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& O9 X. }, L* ~/ g6 Emso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">因事而异～因时而异～5 q+ O; r* t3 D5 d4 }* h$ B8 omso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Tahoma;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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+ o0 @1 @ [8 {) Jmso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">写总结的框架呢？每次写总结，总是总结工作，分析问题，下一步举措。, C j+ K2 X7 {
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0pt;mso-bidi-font-weight:bold">端方: n( P* P: W. F4 N$ t3 imso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">工作总结，我写的一般是综合类的。首先要理清单位年度的重点工作内容，尤其是梳理出创新点和亮点。叶子是说某部门的总结吧？, |' W% }' s' C' gmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">
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" [) h( v/ t6 C& j2 ^mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">是的。写的时候碰到这样一个问题，是每个科室都提到呢？还是选择部分科室？一年下来，大家工作辛苦，如果不提，那不是这个科室都没存在的必要性了。当然，工作重要的自然笔墨也相对多点。
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/ b/ }9 d/ H/ u8 g: K+ L* wmso-bidi-font-family:方正小标宋简体;color:black;mso-font-kerning:0pt">三、如何挖掘材料亮点和创新点
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mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">总结其实也不一样: v8 B$ E0 `8 Q1 n
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，% ~: S! p# S9 d4 K, W, ]$ q* y! U# \mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">都要兼顾% \3 ?; d8 I/ y: T" b4 B' K9 n5 Fmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">，只要有不能只字不提，举个例子来说，6 }4 c, H; W# o3 T3 D# Pmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">像武装部这类部门，每年的工作就是征兵、人防、演练之类的，单独一块展开讲显然不恰当，可以整理获得的相关荣誉镶嵌进去。这个也不是简单的罗列+ N# F2 ~: A3 t7 ?7 X
mso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-font-kerning:0pt">。5 R$ [3 W1 o7 Wmso-hansi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi-font-family:Arial;mso-font-kerning:0pt">比如，我在整理年终总结的时候，( G) M, r8 D6 m3 v D9 a1 [' A
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1 p$ M& ]" y7 n9 F6 Y3 a( Y! Bmso-font-kerning:0pt">给部门下通知时，会让他们把亮点和创新点单独明确，然后由分管领导签字后再报上来。找分管领导签字，最主要的是请领导把关，看看今年亮点部门有没有遗漏。6 W$ d+ B: t# ^) ^
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